Back التدخل العسكري في اليمن Arabic ۲۰۱۵ یمن ساواشی AZB সৌদি আরবের নেতৃত্বে ইয়েমেনে হস্তক্ষেপ Bengali/Bangla Vojenská intervence v Jemenu Czech Den militære intervention i Yemen 2015 Danish Militärintervention im Jemen seit 2015 German Intervención militar saudí en Yemen Spanish مداخله به رهبری عربستان سعودی در جنگ داخلی یمن Persian Offensive au Yémen French ההתערבות הצבאית בתימן HE

Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war

Main article: Yemeni civil war (2014–present)

Saudi-led intervention in Yemen
Part of the Yemeni civil war and the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict

An airstrike in Sanaʽa on 11 May 2015
Current (February 2024) political and military control in the ongoing Yemeni civil war
  Government of Yemen[b] and allies
  Houthis-led Supreme Political Council
  Southern Transitional Council and other UAE-backed groups
  Local, non-aligned forces such as the Hadhramaut Tribal Alliance
  Ansar al-Sharia and Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
(See also a detailed map)
Date26 March 2015 – ongoing
(9 years, 1 month and 4 days)
  • Operation Decisive Storm
    26 March – 21 April 2015
    (3 weeks and 6 days)
  • Operation Restoring Hope
    22 April 2015 – present
    (9 years, 1 week and 1 day)
Location
Yemen
Status Ongoing
Belligerents

Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia[1]
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates[2][3][4]
 Sudan (2015–19)[2]
 Bahrain[2]
 Kuwait[2][5]
 Qatar (2015–17)[2]
 Egypt[2][6]
 Jordan[2]
 Morocco (2015–19)[2][7]
 Senegal[a][9]
Academi contractors[10]
(2015–16)[11]
Saudi-paid Yemeni mercenaries[12]
In support of:
Yemen Republic of Yemen (Presidential Leadership Council)

Yemen Revolutionary Committee/Supreme Political Council

Al-Qaeda[19][20]
Commanders and leaders

Saudi Arabia Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Saudi Arabia Mohammed bin Salman
Saudi Arabia Fahd bin Turki Al Saud (2015–20)
Saudi Arabia Mutlaq bin Salem bin Mutlaq Al-Azima[21]
United Arab Emirates Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan
United Arab Emirates Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
Kuwait Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
Kuwait Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
Kuwait Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
Bahrain Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
Qatar Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani (2015–17)
Egypt Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
Sudan Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (2015–19)
Jordan Abdullah II
Morocco Mohamed VI (2015–19)
Senegal Macky Sall

Yemen Rashad al-Alimi (2022–)
Yemen Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi (2015–22)
Yemen Mohammed al-Maqdashi
Yemen Gen. Ali al-Ahmar[22]
Yemen Gen. Abd Rabbo Hussein †[23]
Yemen Gen. Ahmad Al-Yafei †[24]

Yemen Mohammed Ali al-Houthi
Yemen Mohamed al-Atifi (2016–)
Yemen Mahdi al-Mashat (2018–)
Yemen Saleh Ali al-Sammad † (2015–18)
Yemen Hussein Khairan (2015–16)

Abdul-Malik al-Houthi		 Khalid Batarfi
Ibrahim al Qosi[25]
Strength

Saudi Arabia 100 warplanes and 150,000 troops[26]
United Arab Emirates 30 warplanes and 15,000 troops[27][28]
Sudan 4 warplanes[citation needed] and 15,000 troops[29]
Bahrain 15 warplanes[30] 300 troops[31]
Kuwait 15 warplanes[30]
Qatar 10 warplanes, 1,000 troops[30][32] (until 2017)
Egypt 4 warships[33] and warplanes[34]
Jordan 6 warplanes[30]
Morocco 6 warplanes, 1,500 troops[30][35]
Senegal 2,100 troops[9] (soldiers not yet deployed in 2016)[8]

Academi: 1,800 security contractors[36]

150,000–200,000 fighters[37]
200,000–250,000

al-Qaeda

Casualties and losses

Saudi Arabia 1,000[42]–3,000[43] soldiers killed by 2016;
10 captured[44]
United Arab Emirates 108 soldiers killed[28]
Bahrain 11 soldiers killed[45][46]
1 F-16 crashed[47]
Qatar 4 soldiers killed[48][49]
Morocco 10 soldiers killed[50][51]
1 F-16 shot down[52][51]
Jordan 1 F-16 lost[53]
Academi: 71 mercenaries killed[11]

Yemen Unknown

Thousands killed (Aljazeera; as of May 2018)[54]

11,000+ killed (Arab Coalition claim; as of Dec. 2017)[55]

Al-Qaeda

12,907 Yemeni civilians killed (per the LCRD)
8,672 civilians killed, 9,741 injured by coalition's airstrikes (per Yemen Data Project)[57]
500+ Saudi civilians killed (2014–2016)[58][59]
377,000+ people killed overall (150,000+ from violence) (2014–2021) (UN)[60]
  1. ^ soldiers not yet deployed in 2016[8]
  2. ^ Under the Presidential Leadership Council since April 2022
Part of a series on the
Yemeni crisis
Main topics
Background
  • Yemen

On 26 March 2015, Saudi Arabia, leading a coalition of nine countries from West Asia and North Africa, launched an intervention in Yemen at the request of Yemeni president Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, who had been ousted from the capital, Sanaa, in September 2014 by Houthi insurgents during the Yemeni Civil War. Efforts by the United Nations to facilitate a power sharing arrangement under a new transitional government collapsed, leading to escalating conflict between government forces, Houthi rebels, and other armed groups, which culminated in Hadi fleeing to Saudi Arabia shortly before it began military operations in the country.

The first month of the intervention, codenamed Operation Decisive Storm (Arabic: عملية عاصفة الحزم, romanized: Amaliyyat 'Āṣifat al-Ḥazm), consisted of airstrikes on Houthi rebels and a full blockade[61] On 22 April, the Saudi-led coalition declared that it had achieved its initial goals and announced Operation Restoring Hope, which would comprise a "combination of political, diplomatic and military action" while continuing "to prevent the Houthi militias from moving or undertaking any operations inside Yemen".[62] Ground forces were subsequently deployed into the country[63] as part of a broader offensive against both Houthi militants and loyalists of Hadi's predecessor, Ali Abdullah Saleh.[64] Owing to Iran's support of these factions, the conflict is widely regarded as part of the broader Saudi-Iran proxy conflict.

Egypt, Morocco, Jordan, Sudan, and the United Arab Emirates have provided air and ground forces, while Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and Constellis have headed several ground operations. Djibouti, Eritrea, and Somalia opened their airspace, territorial waters, and military bases to coalition forces.[65] At varying stages, the intervention has been backed by the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Canada. The U.S. provided intelligence and logistical support, such as aerial refueling and search-and-rescue for downed coalition pilots,[66][67] accelerated the sale of weapons to coalition states,[68] and continued strikes against AQAP. In 2016, American and British military officials were confirmed to have provided advice and training related to Saudi-led airstrikes in Yemen.[69][70][71]

The intervention has received widespread international criticism for killing thousands of noncombatants, destroying civilian infrastructure, and intensifying Yemen's humanitarian crisis.[72][73] Academics also dispute whether it violates Article 2(4) of the UN Charter.[74][75][76] By 2019, the conflict was reported as a "military stalemate",[77] and the following year, Saudi Arabia declared its first unilateral ceasefire.[78][79] On 29 March 2022, the Saudi-led coalition announced that it would cease all hostilities within Yemen to facilitate political talks and peacekeeping efforts;[80] Houthi and Saudi officials subsequently began bilateral peace talks mediated by Oman under UN auspices, and most restrictions on commercial goods were lifted by April 2023.[81] As of April 2024, open hostilities have largely ceased, though negotiations are ongoing due to complications caused by Houthi attacks on Red Sea shipping since October 2023.[81]

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  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "Egypt, Jordan and Sudan ready for ground offensive in Yemen: report". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. 26 March 2015. Archived from the original on 26 March 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2015.
  3. ^ Nissenbaum, Dion. "UAE Moves to Extricate Itself From Saudi-Led War in Yemen". WSJ.
  4. ^ Dorsey, James (6 July 2019). "UAE Withdraws from Yemen". LobeLog.
  5. ^ "Saudi Arabia's coalition against Yemen's Houthis". Reuters. 26 March 2015.
  6. ^ "Egypt extends participation in Yemen conflict". Reuters. 22 January 2017.
  7. ^ El Masaiti, Amira (7 February 2019). "Morocco re-evaluates role in Saudi-led Yemen war coalition". The Washington Times. Associated Press.
  8. ^ a b "Quels sont les pays africains engagés dans le conflit au Yémen?" [Who are the African countries engaged in the conflict in Yemen]. rfi (in French). 13 March 2016.
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  10. ^ "Australian mercenary reportedly killed in Yemen clashes". The Guardian. 8 December 2015.
  11. ^ a b "Use of Mercenaries by the Saudi-led Coalition to Violate Human Rights in Yemen and Impede the Exercise of the Yemeni People's Right to Self-determination". Arabian Right Watch Association. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
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  29. ^ Sudan says it has reduced troops in Yemen to 5,000
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